Reinherz, EllisKeskin, Derin BenerciReinhold, Bruce2014-10-012014Reinherz, Ellis L., Derin B. Keskin, and Bruce Reinhold. 2014. “Forward Vaccinology: CTL Targeting Based upon Physical Detection of HLA-Bound Peptides.” Frontiers in Immunology 5 (1): 418. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00418.1664-3224http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12987298Vaccine-elicited cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) recognizing conserved fragments of a pathogen’s proteome could greatly impact infectious diseases and cancers. Enabling this potential are recent advances in mass spectrometry that identify specific target peptides among the myriad HLA-bound peptides on altered cells. Ultrasensitivity of these physical detection methods allows for the direct assessment of peptide presentation on small numbers of tissue-derived cells. In addition, concurrent advances in immunobiology suggest ways to induce CTLs with requisite functional avidity and tissue deployment. Elicitation of high-avidity resident-memory T cells through vaccination may shift the vaccinology paradigm both for preventive and therapeutic approaches to human disease control.en-USPerspective ArticleT cell epitopesmass spectrometryvaccinesproteomicsCTLresident-memory T cellsTCRJournal Article2014-10-0110.3389/fimmu.2014.00418